Apple trees are dormant. Pruning is typically done during these months to shape the tree for growth.
Berry plants are in dormancy, resting through the cold season. In some regions, mulching helps protect plants from frost damage.
Buds start to form as the temperature rises.
Trees begin waking up from dormancy, with buds swelling and leaves forming. In April, buds develop into blossoms (depending on the climate).
Raspberry and blackberry plants begin breaking dormancy with the growth of new shoots.
Trees are in full bloom with flowers. Pollination occurs, typically by bees, and fruit begin to form after successful pollination.
Blackberries and raspberries also begin flowering, typically later in May.
Flowers fall, leaving behind small developing apples. During the 'June drop,' trees naturally shed some of their fruit to concentrate energy on fewer apples. Meanwhile, raspberries and blueberries are in bloom, with early fruit beginning to set.
Apples continue to grow and mature in size. Thinning excess fruit can promote larger, healthier apples. The blackberry harvest begins, and summer-bearing raspberries yield their first significant crop.
Apples mature and are ready for harvest, with the exact timing varying by variety—early types ripen in late summer, while others are ready in early fall. Fall-bearing raspberries continue to produce into early autumn.
Trees shed their leaves and enter dormancy for the winter, while their roots continue to absorb water and nutrients, even as growth ceases.
Berry plants also go dormant, preparing for the colder months ahead. Leaves of deciduous species, such as raspberries and blueberries, may turn red or yellow before falling.
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